Trait variation refers to the differences in characteristics or attributes among individuals within a species. These traits can be physical characteristics, such as height or color, or behavioral traits, such as aggression or mating preferences. Understanding trait variation is important in evolutionary biology, as it can provide insights into the genetic basis of traits, how they are influenced by environmental factors, and how they contribute to the overall fitness of individuals. Researchers in this area may study how trait variation is maintained within populations, how it evolves over time, and how it can impact the dynamics of populations and communities. Ultimately, studying trait variation can help us better understand the diversity of life on Earth and how species have adapted to their environments through natural selection.